Kukonzekera kwa ndege ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pakupanga ndondomeko yopangira msonkhano.Iyenera kukhala njira yokutira, mitundu yonse ya zida zokutira (kuphatikiza zida zotumizira) ndi zida zothandizira, kuyenda kwamayendedwe, zida zokutira, magetsi asanu aerodynamic ndi kuphatikiza kwina kokhathamiritsa, komanso mu dongosolo la masanjidwe ndi dongosolo lachigawo, limakhudzidwa ndi zambiri zaluso zamaluso, zapamwamba zaukadaulo zantchito yopangira.Mapangidwe a mapangidwe a ndege ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga msonkhano wonse wojambula zithunzi, zimachokera ku zosowa za ndondomekoyi, zida zamakina, zida zotentha zomwe sizili zokhazikika komanso zida zothandizira ndi zina zosakanikirana, zomwe zimakonzedwa mu msonkhano wojambula.Ndilo gawo lalikulu la chikalata chokonzekera, ndikuphatikiza zotsatira zonse zowerengera, zimafunikira kupanga zida ndi zida zomwe zili ndi nambala ndi mawonekedwe, kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito, bungwe lantchito zapadera ndi msonkhano ndi msonkhano woyandikana pakati pa ubale wamayendedwe ndi zina kuti afotokoze momveka bwino.Mwachidule, akhoza bwino kusonyeza chithunzi chonse cha msonkhano kujambula, ndi maziko ofunika kwambiri pokonzekera ndondomeko malangizo, makina zida kamangidwe, matenthedwe zipangizo sanali muyezo ndi zomangamanga boma kamangidwe akatswiri.Iyi ndi ntchito yovuta, yomwe iyenera kubwerezedwa kangapo isanathe.Mapangidwe a pulani yapansi amachokera makamaka pa ntchito za msonkhano, mfundo za mapangidwe, deta yoyambira ndi mawerengedwe a zipangizo zamakina ndi zipangizo zosagwiritsidwa ntchito.Nthawi zambiri, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:
1, molingana ndi sikelo ya msonkhano, sankhani kukula kwa pulaniyo, gawo lalikulu ndi 1:100, yokhala ndi zero kapena ziro zowonjezera zojambula.
2, pankhani ya kusintha kwa nyumba yakale ya fakitale, choyamba, malinga ndi deta yoyambirira ya nyumba ya fakitale, jambulani ndondomeko yabwino ya zomera, monga nyumba yatsopano ya fakitale ikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za kapangidwe kake. kamangidwe, pamodzi ndi ndondomeko ayenera kudziwa kutalika, m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa nyumba fakitale.
3, molingana ndi tchati choyenda, tchati choyendera zamakina ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zoyenera kuwerengera, kuchokera kumapeto kwa khomo lolowera zida.
4. Chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa kuti thupi lalikulu la zipangizo zisakhale pafupi kwambiri ndi khoma lazitsulo, ndipo malo oyikapo mapaipi amagetsi a anthu onse, mapaipi olowera mpweya komanso kuika ndi kukonza zipangizo zopenta ziyenera kusungidwa.Pamene nyumba yakale ya fakitale isinthidwa, kapena chilolezo chofunikira sichingatsimikizidwe chifukwa cha zochitika zina zapadera, payipi yamagetsi ya anthu iyenera kupewedwa momwe zingathere.
5. Malo ofunikira a zipangizo zothandizira (monga kuyendetsa galimoto ndi tensioning chain chain chain, zida zothandizira zopangira mankhwala, electrophoresis ndi kupopera mankhwala, etc.) ziyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira.Kwenikweni, zida zothandizira ziyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi zida zazikuluzikulu, zomwe zida ndi zida zotayira zinyalala ziyenera kuganizira malo ogwirira ntchito okwanira, ndipo payenera kukhala njira zoyendera.
6, tsegulani malo opangira opareshoni, kuwonjezera kuwonetsetsa malo ogwirira ntchito okwanira, komanso lingalirani malo opangira, zida zamasiteshoni, bokosi lazinthu, malo otchingira zinthu ndi njira yofananira ndi njira yoyendera.
7, kuchokera ku msonkhano wonse kuganizira mokwanira mayendedwe njira, zida kukonza zida, chitetezo moto ndi chitetezo asamuke chitseko, ngati ndi zomera Mipikisano storey, kuganizira masanjidwe a chitetezo kusamutsidwa masitepe.
8, malinga ndi ndondomeko ya ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana kwa malo ntchito kapena digiri woyera wa zofunika zosiyanasiyana, akhoza akanikizire lonse ❖ kuyanika msonkhano woyambira, mzere chisindikizo, ❖ kuyanika ndi utoto kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kuyanika, ntchito pamanja, zida wothandiza monga kugawa masanjidwe. , n'kopindulitsa kwa zipangizo, mzere kupanga ndi kasamalidwe ukhondo msonkhano, komanso amathandizira kutentha yobwezeretsanso, etc.
9, zida zaukadaulo zapagulu ndi zida zina zothandizira m'derali ziyenera kusungidwa (monga makina otenthetsera mbewu ndi makina oziziritsa mpweya, chipinda chowongolera chapakati, labotale, ofesi yochitira misonkhano, mitundu yonse ya zida ndi zida zosungira, zida ndi zida zokonza chipinda. , chimbudzi, chipinda chogawa mphamvu, khomo lamagetsi, ndi zina).
10. Pamakonzedwe a ndondomeko yosinthira kuphatikizira mtunda ndi mtunda, dongosolo la masanjidwe liyenera kuganizira mozama za kukula kosavuta ndi kusintha mtsogolo.M'malo mwake, gawo lokulitsa likhoza kupatulidwa ndi gawo lomwe lilipo, kotero kuti kupanga kwabwinobwino sikungakhudzidwe ndi kukulitsa, ndipo kusinthaku kuyenera kuchitika munthawi yochepa kwambiri.
11, mu kukonzanso zakale fakitale, ntchito zomera zakale, zipangizo masanjidwe mokwanira kuganizira makhalidwe structural wa mbewu choyambirira, mmene ndingathere kuti asasinthe chomera choyambirira, ayenera kusintha, kuganizira kuthekera kwa kusintha.
12. Kukula kwa autilaini ndi kukula kwake kwa zida zomwe zili mu dongosolo ziyenera kumveka bwino.Dongosolo lachidziwitso chambiri ndi olamulira kapena mzere wapakati pazanja, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kukhazikitsidwa pakhoma (osavomerezeka).Zida zoyendera zamakina kuti ziwonetse komwe akugwirira ntchito, catenary kusonyeza kukwera kwa njanji.
13. Zizindikiro zokhazikika ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa dongosololi likuwonetsa zambiri, ndipo dipatimenti iliyonse yokonza chigawo ili ndi nthano yake.Dongosolo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi nthano, zomwe zitha kufotokozedwa mugawo lofotokozera papulaniyo.
14, dongosolo la masanjidwe liyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo, kukwera ndi gawo, ngati kuli koyenera kujambula malo a msonkhano wojambula muzojambula zambiri.Ngati chojambula chimodzi sichingathe kuwonetsa bwino momwe makonzedwe ake, zojambula ziwiri kapena zitatu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.Mfundo yake ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti owerenga amvetsetse chithunzi chonse cha msonkhanowo.Gawo lomwe silikumveka bwino muzojambula likhoza kufotokozedwa mu kapamwamba kazithunzi pajambula.
Pamakonzedwe a masiteshoni ndi zida, malo ogwirira ntchito, ndime ya oyenda pansi ndi njira yoyendera imatha kupangidwa molingana ndi miyeso iyi.
Chigawo chachikulu cha zida ndi 1 ~ 1.5 metres kuchokera pazanja kapena khoma;Kutalika kwa malo ogwira ntchito ndi 1 ~ 2 mamita;M'lifupi mwa njira ya oyenda pansi pakukonza ndi kuyang'anira zida ndi 0.8 ~ 1 m;M'lifupi mwa njira ya oyenda pansi ndi 1.5 mamita;M'lifupi mwa njira yoyendera yomwe imatha kukankhira trolley ndi 2.5 metres;Mtunda wogwirira ntchito pamanja suyenera kupitirira 2.5 metres;Mtunda wochokera ku siteshoni kupita kumalo otulukira pafupi ndi chitetezo kapena masitepe sayenera kupitirira mamita 75, mu nyumba yamitundu yambiri sayenera kupitirira mamita 50.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-16-2022